Migraine episodes can be summed up in four phases. However, not all phases are undergone by the migraineur (migraine sufferer). Take a closer look and know what you have.
Prodrome
This is sometimes referred to as the “pre-headache” and may occur hours or even days prior to a migraine attack. This may be thought of as the migraineur’s red flag that a migraine is forthcoming. Thirty to forty percent of migraineurs go through prodrome.
This phase is extremely helpful in giving the migraineur a chance to avert the episode. Examples of prodrome are food cravings, increase in the regularity of urination, constipation or diarrhoea, tiredness, mood swings and muscle stiffness, particularly in the neck area.
This is the most recognizable of the phases and generally persists for less than an hour. The indicators and effects of aura vary greatly. Auras can either be visual and non-visual. Auras may include flashing lights, spots, blurred vision, partial loss of sight, hypersensitivity to touch and feel, olfactory and/or auditory hallucinations, numbness or the face, hands or feet on the side where the headache is felt, difficulty in speaking, confusion, vertigo, partial paralysis, reduced sensation and loss of hearing.
Headache
This phase is usually the most incapacitating phase of a migraine as it affects not just the head but the whole body. The headaches commonly persist from one to seventy two hours. When it endures for more than 72 hours, it is called migrainosus and should be treated by a medical professional. Other attributes of this phase include headache on one side of the head, sensitivity to sound and light, nausea and vomiting, dehydration or fluid retention (depending on the migraineur’s bodily reactions), nasal congestion or runny nose, hot flashes and feeling cold, diarrhoea or constipation, confusion, depression and dizziness.
Postdrome
This phase is sometimes termed “post-headache” and quickly follows the headache. Full recovery of most migraineurs in this phase range from hours to several days. Some signs of this phase include depression or euphoria, reduced intellect, tiredness and poor comprehension and concentration.
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